Biodiversity of Fusarium oxysporum Isolated from Diseased Chickpea and Detection of Resistance Sources to Some Egyptian Chickpea Cultivars

Abstract

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) is the maximum critical soil borne diseases of chickpea in Egypt and many other countries in the world. Sixteen F. oxysporum(Fo) isolates were collected from 9 Governorates in Egypt isolated from wilted chickpea plants. Identification of these isolates was achieved by variation in morphological characters i.e., growth rate, growth habits, pigments, sporulation, and the morphological identifications were further confirmed by molecular method using specific ITS primers. Virulence of these isolates was classified as high virulence (Fo7, Fo8 and Fo10), moderate (Fo2, Fo3, Fo6, Fo9, Fo11, Fo13, Fo14, Fo15 and Fo16) and low (Fo1, Fo4, Fo5, Fo12). Host response of chickpea cultivars infected with Fo7 showed a moderate resistance (Giza-2 and Giza-531) and susceptible ones (Giza-195, Giza-1 and Giza-88). Mechanism underline induce disease resistance revealed that resistant chickpea cultivars contained high activities peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase, Phenylalanine ammonia lyase and Phenolic compounds than susceptible cultivars.