Biodiversity of birds and mammals in the Lake Siombak ecosystem, Medan North Sumatra

Abstract

The Lake Siombak ecosystem is one of the important ecosystems in the north coast of Medan City, North Sumatra because it’s a combination of lake ecosystems, mangroves, and aquaculture areas. Therefore, it brings into a habitat of various flora and fauna, both aquatic and terrestrial area. This study aims to map the spatial and temporal distribution of terrestrial biota, especially birds and mammals in Lake Siombak ecosystem. This research was conducted in Lake Siombak, from September 2018 to August 2019. The data collected is the number of individuals of birds and mammals. The results of research found 12 species of birds and 2 species of mammals. There are 3 rare species and protected species by both the government and internationally, namely the rhinoceros’ hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros), Brahminy kite (Haliastur indus), and Silvery lutung (Trachypithecus cristatus). Great egret (Ardea alba), Intermediate egret (Egretta intermedia), and Gull billed tern (Sterna nilotica) are also government-protected bird species, but they have not received international attention. Spatially and temporally, Great egret and Intermediate egret are found in abundance at the Lake Siombak ecosystem. Meanwhile, the rhinoceros’ hornbills, Brahminy kite, and Silvery lutung were only found once at the study site.