Biodiversity dimensions of fish communities inhabiting coastal muddy bottoms in the Tropical South Atlantic

Abstract

This study provides insights into the intricate dynamics of coastal muddy bottoms within tropical regions spanning from the Amazon to the São Francisco River estuary. Through species analysis, distinct species pools distributed across the Tropical South Atlantic have been identified, revealing diverse patterns in fish biodiversity that transcend mere species richness and abundance, extending to their functional composition. More precisely, significant variations in taxonomic composition among the studied areas were observed, with differences in species composition and the presence of exclusive species contributing to the rise of unique patterns in functional diversity, partly attributed to differences in biogeographical provinces. Moreover, local processes such as salinization and estuarization also play crucial roles in shaping the taxonomic and functional diversity patterns within coastal muddy bottoms. By acknowledging the distinctive characteristics and ecological significance of these habitats, we can ensure the preservation of fish communities and uphold their crucial roles as vital nursery and fishing grounds.