Biodiversity and Plant Growth Promoting Potential of Bacteria from Soybean Rhizosphere of Saline Soil

Dhanraj Nakade

doi:10.11648/j.ajaf.20200803.14

Abstract

PGPR are root-associated bacteria that form symbiotic relationships with many plants. These are the Bacteria that colonize plant roots and promote plant growth are referred to as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). PGPR are highly diverse and are important in plant growth promotion and increase in yield of crops. Almost all of the PGPR bacteria produce phytohormones, some fixes atmospheric nitrogen, some solublizes the phosphates and some resist phytopathogens by production of siderophores. An understanding of microbial diversity is important in agricultural contest, it is important and useful to know soil quality in terms of PGPR bacteria which is helpful for taking measures for soil management and increased plant productivity. It is also important to understand the relationship of soil and plants with the diversity of associated bacteria for their better exploitation. Therefore, it is important to know the soil micro flora and their diversity. Most of the rhizospheric bacterial diversity from normal soil have been studied and organisms explored for their use as bioinoculents. However, saline soil rhizospheric microfloras remain unexplored. By considering this, in the present study fifty two bacterial isolates including PGPR have been isolated from saline soil of Kolhapur district of southern Maharashtra, India. Isolates were identified up to genus and species level. Few isolates were studied their nitrogen fixing and phosphate solublizing activity. Present study showed that amongst nitrogen fixing bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum found to be most dominant and Bacillus megaterium was found to be most dominant phosphate solublizer. Study indicated the importance of these organism as bioinoculents for saline soil and can be explored for biofertilizer production.

Highlights

Salinity “A major stress limiting agriculture productivity’’ On the global basis salt affected soils occupy an estimated 952.2 million hectares of land, constituting 7% of total land affected by salinity [1] The problem of soil salinity is wide spread in the world, amongst the affected country, Holland, Swedan, Hungary, Russia, South western USA, India, Pakistan and the Middle east are worstly affected
Role of Pgpr a) Better development of root system b) Production of growth promoting hormones in addition to stress hormone ABA. c) Solubilization of insoluble phosphate By considering this in the present study total of 52 Plant Growth Promoting rhizobacteria was isolated from Soybean rhizosphere of saline soil
Soil adhered to roots of Soybean plant from saline soils were collected from fourty different sites in sterile plastic bags from Kolhapur district of Maharashtra, India

Summary

Introduction

Salinity “A major stress limiting agriculture productivity’’ On the global basis salt affected soils occupy an estimated 952.2 million hectares of land, constituting 7% of total land affected by salinity [1] The problem of soil salinity is wide spread in the world, amongst the affected country, Holland, Swedan, Hungary, Russia, South western USA, India, Pakistan and the Middle east are worstly affected. About 40,000 hectares of land annually becoming unfit for agricultural production in the world due to salinity. In India the the problem has taken a serious mode about 9% of the total cultivated area is affected by salinity [2]. In Maharashtra about 34 million hectare has become salt affected Such soils are predominant in Kolhapur, Sangli, Solapur, Ahmednagar, Dhule districts of Maharashtra state of India

Approaches to Combat Salinity

Tolerance Limit

Material and Methods

Screening of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria

Findings

Result and Discussion