Biodiesel Production Process Optimization from Sugar Apple Seed Oil (Annona squamosa) and Its Characterization

Siddalingappa R Hotti,Omprakash D Hebbal

doi:10.1155/2015/148587

Abstract

This paper presents the production of biodiesel from nonedible, renewable sugar apple seed oil and its characterization. The studies were carried out on transesterification of oil with methanol and sodium hydroxide as catalyst for the production of biodiesel. The process parameters such as catalyst concentration, reaction time, and reaction temperature were optimized for the production of sugar apple biodiesel (SABD). The biodiesel yield of 95.15% was noticed at optimal process parameters. The fuel properties of biodiesel produced were found to be close to that of diesel fuel and also they meet the specifications of ASTM standards.

Highlights

Energy is the critical input factor for the socioeconomic development and welfare of human being of any country
The oil extracted from the mechanical expeller was weighed after filtering; it was found that the sugar apple seeds contain moderate quantity of oil, 24.5 w/w % oil, and it can be suitable feedstock for the production of biodiesel
Three main types of fatty acids are present in triglyceride and they are saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated

Summary

Introduction

Energy is the critical input factor for the socioeconomic development and welfare of human being of any country. Fossil fuels are the major sources for the energy demand since their exploration. India is highly dependent on crude oil; net import of crude oil during 2011-12 is 171.73 million metric tons [1]. Due to limited reserves of fossil fuels, environmental degradation, and volatility in fuel prices, there is a growing need for energy security and protection of the environment. Country like India with an agricultural background has wasteland of about 55.27 million hectares [2], which can be utilized for growing plants/crops, which produce nonedible oil in appreciable quantity. Indigenously produced biodiesel, which is defined as the mono-alkyl esters of vegetable oils or animal fats, obtained by transesterifying oil or fat with an alcohol [3], is considered one of the options to substitute the petroleum fuels

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