Abstract

Nowadays in Brazil the biodiesel commercialization has to comply with Law #13.263, of March 23rd, 2016, which establishes in 7 vol%, the minimum mandatory percentage of addition to diesel oil. This law also indicates that in the future, this percentage will tend up to 20% (B20). The main objective of this research is to analyze the effects of the presence of biodiesel on the thermal and thermo-oxidative stability temperatures of its blends with diesel oil, as well as on their ignition temperatures. This evaluation of alternative fuels for diesel engines was done using thermogravimetry (TG), derived thermogravimetry (DTG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The thermal stability was determined by the extrapolated onset temperature of the TG loss (onset temperature) in a nitrogen environment. The thermo-oxidative stability was determined in two ways: the first by the onset temperature of loss of mass in the TG curve in air and the second, by the onset of the oxidation in liquid phase given by the onset temperature of the first peak of DTA curve, from which, the auto-ignition temperature was also determined. The results indicate that the increase in biodiesel content influences directly the ignition delay of the blends, which occurs during analysis. The thermal and thermooxidative stability temperatures of the blends increase linearly with the added content of biodiesel indicating that heavier products are being formed by oxidation, which may cause problems in the diesel circulation and engine efficiency Keywords: blends biodiesel/diesel , thermal stability, thermoxidative stability, ignition temperature.

Highlights

  • The present study analyzes the differences on the thermal stability, on the oxidative behavior of the liquid phase and on the ignition temperatures of commercial samples of diesel oil and biodiesel and their blends in an inert environment and in air

  • Commercial samples of biodiesel from soy oil and diesel oil, which were in agreement with ASTM, ABNT and ISO standard characterization essays were used in this study

  • The data obtained by the TG and differential thermal analysis (DTA) curves were treated using the Universal Analysis software from TA Instruments [11], which calculates and plots the thermogravimetry derivative curves (DTG)

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Summary

Introduction

The present study analyzes the differences on the thermal stability, on the oxidative behavior of the liquid phase and on the ignition temperatures of commercial samples of diesel oil and biodiesel (soybean, methyl route) and their blends in an inert environment and in air. Used in combustion engines ignited by compression, diesel oil is a complex mixture of paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic hydrocarbons, containing 10 to 22 carbon atoms per molecule. It is an oil fraction slightly denser than kerosene and boils from 250 to 400oC. Different relative proportions of those three classes of hydrocarbons influence the properties of the final fuel Compounds such as sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen are present in small quantities in diesel, they have a great influence on its properties, such as density, viscosity, flash point and other ones [1,2]

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