BIODIESEL FROM MICROALGAE: METHODS INDUCTION OF LIPIDS AND SCREENING PROMISING STRAINS

Abstract

The work is devoted to the presentation and analysis of methodological approaches to finding new and innovative sources of renewable non-food raw materials for biofuels of third generation based on biomass of microalgae. The problem and methods of inducing lipid (lipid increase) in microalgae (MAL) were reviewed. The results of current researches in the field of obtaining promising strains MAL ( producers of lipids ) were demonstrated. In particular, we have discussed the task of finding a stressors for the two-stage culturing of microalgae, when the first stage of the cultivation of microalgae is conducted in the most optimal conditions for the maximum amount of biomass, and in a second step the biosynthesis and accumulation of lipid in the resulting biomass occurs as a result of creating the conditions of physiological stress. The results of the own experimental work on the isolation from natural sources of new candidate strains and on the selection of stressors for lipid induction have been showing and analyzed. We also considered the feasibility of the method of screening lipid microalgae by means fluorescent dye Nile red, which has been tested on a wide range of isolated cultures of microalgae from different taxa. As stressors for inducing lipid the nitrogen and phosphorus starvation, high and low irradiation , temperature regimes have been used. Significant increases of lipid content in the cells under the influence of stressors microalgae have been shown. The prospect of using the technological fast growing mi-croalga Arthrospira platensis as a model to find the stressors has been confirmed. Dedicated crops from natural sources are described in detail and included in the collection of microalgae for energy purposes Laboratory of RES geographical faculty of Lomonosov Moscow State University.