Abstract
The main goal of this work was to review the 21st century literature (2000 to 2021) regarding the biological colonisation and biodeterioration of glass-based historical building materials, particularly stained glass and glazed tiles. One of the main objectives of this work was to list and systematize the glass-colonising microorganisms identified on stained glass and glazed tiles. Biodiversity data indicate that fungi and bacteria are the main colonisers of stained-glass windows. Glazed tiles are mainly colonised by microalgae and cyanobacteria. Several studies have identified microorganisms on stained glass, but fewer studies have been published concerning glazed tiles. The analysis of colonised samples is a vital mechanism to understand biodeterioration, particularly for identifying the colonising organisms and deterioration patterns on real samples. However, the complexity of the analysis of materials with high biodiversity makes it very hard to determine which microorganism is responsible for the biodeteriogenic action. The authors compared deterioration patterns described in case studies with laboratory-based colonisation experiments, showing that many deterioration patterns and corrosion products are similar. A working group should develop guidelines or standards for laboratory experiments on fungi, bacteria, cyanobacteria, and algae on stained glass and glazed tiles.
Highlights
Glass-based building materials have a long tradition in the construction and ornamentation of buildings
Microalgae, Cyanobacteria and Diatoms The phototrophs, including green microalgae, cyanobacteria and diatoms that have been identified in stained glass and glazed tiles literature of the 21st century and were we summarized this knowledge Figure 5 (Table S3)
Until now, the majority of biodiversity and biodeterioration studies have been performed on stained glass works of art coming from Germany
Summary
Glass-based building materials have a long tradition in the construction and ornamentation of buildings. They have been applied in two forms: glass coatings applied over ceramics, or plate glass. Glass is produced by fusing a mixture of raw materials—vitrifiers, fluxes, or network modifiers and stabilisers—each with different functions, to obtain a solid amorphous inorganic material [6]. Fluxes (or network modifiers) are added to the composition to lower the melting temperature of silica. Stabilisers are added to replace the highly mobile alkaline ions (network modifiers) in the glass network. Ancient glasses were produced with a wide variety of chemical compositions [7], which influence their durability
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
