Biodeterioration of coated nylon fabric

Abstract

Biodegradation characteristics of nylon fabric coated with fluorocarbon polymer (oil and water repellent) and thiourea-formaldehyde (fire retardant) were studied. The fabric was exposed to soil burial, air exposure, and standard culture media for various intervals of time and evaluated for changes in physicomechanical properties, oil and water repellency, air permeability, as well as flame-retardant properties. Significant falls in these properties were observed, the extent of which was found to be maximum in the case of soil burial followed by air medium and standard culture. Themogravimetric analysis showed enhanced heat stability of the unexposed fabric compared with base nylon. Exposure of the coated fabric to various biomedia caused extensive damage of the fire retardant material and also resulted in a significant reduction in the flame-resistant properties. Fluorocarbon material, on the other hand, did not degrade on bioexposure and its presence improved the thermal stability of the coated fabric. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed remarkable changes, e.g., peak shifts, intensity variations, as well as elimination of peaks in the case of soil burial compared with the unexposed sample. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the changes in the surface topography associated with the degradation of the coated fabric vis-a-vis those of the controlled one. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 75: 685–691, 2000