Abstract
This study was done to identify pesticide-biodegrading microorganisms and to characterize degradation rates. Bacillus safensis strain FO-36bT, Bacillus subtilis subsp. inaquosorum strain KCTC13429T, and Bacillus cereus strain ATCC14579T were isolated from pesticide-polluted soil in Sudan, separately incubated with each pesticide with periodic samples drawn for GC and GC-MS. Pesticide biodegradation followed a biphasic model. α and β half-lives (days) of chlorpyrifos, malathion, and dimethoate in B.safensis culture were 2.13, 4.76; 2.59, 5.66; and 9.5, 11.0, respectively. Values in B.subtilis and B.cereus cultures were 4.09, 9.45 and 4.33, 9.99 for chlorpyrifos; 2.99, 5.36 and 2.43, 4.71 for malathion; and 9.53, 15.11 and 4.16, 9.27 for dimethoate. No metabolite was detected in B.subtilis cultures, whereas a few were detected from B.safensis and B.cereus cultures. Bacterial efficiency can be ordered as B.safensis > B.subtilis > B.cereus for chlorpyrifos and B.cereus > B.subtilis > B.safensis for malathion and dimethoate.
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