Abstract
A bacterial strain AST2.2 with chlorpyrifos degrading ability was isolated by enrichment technique from apple orchard soil with previous history of chlorpyrifos use. Based on the morphological, biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequence analysis, AST2.2 strain was identified as Pseudomonas resinovarans. The strain AST2.2 utilized chlorpyrifos as the sole source of carbon and energy. This strain exhibited growth upto 400mg/l concentration of chlorpyrifos and exhibited high extracellular organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) activity. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) studies revealed that Pseudomonas resinovarans AST2.2 degraded 43.90 % of chlorpyrifos (400 mg/l) within 96 hrs. Intermediates of chlorpyrifos degradation were identified using GC-MS. This strain have potential to degrade chlorpyrifos and thus can be used for bioremediation and ecological restoration of sites contaminated with chlorpyrifos
Highlights
Organophosphorus pesticides are most commonly employed in insect pest management for crop production, municipal hygiene, and disease vector control[1]
Effective chlorpyrifos degrader bacterial isolate was selected from the three isolates by growing them in Mineral salt medium (MSM) supplemented with different concentration (50-800 mg/l) of chlorpyrifos as carbon and energy sole source
Isolate AST2.2 was able to tolerate 800 mg/l of chlorpyrifos and showed growth up to 400 mg/l of chlorpyrifos and further this isolate was selected for further studies (Table I)
Summary
Organophosphorus pesticides are most commonly employed in insect pest management for crop production, municipal hygiene, and disease vector control[1]. Researchers had reported that variation in factors, like pH, temperature, organic carbon content, moisture content, and pesticide formulation affects half-life of chlorpyrifos in soil and it varies from 10 to 120 days. 3,5,6-trichloro2-pyridinol (TCP) is the major degradation product which has greater water solubility than chlorpyrifos and results in widespread contamination of soils and aquatic environment[6]. 19999 reported that Arthrobacter species degraded chlorpyrifos in mineral salt medium and this bacterium was initially isolated from methyl parathion-enriched soil. The main objective of the present study involved the isolation and identification of chlorpyrifosutilizing bacteria from apple orchard soil using an enrichment culture technique and degradation of chlorpyrifos by the bacterial isolate in liquid medium. The study aims at explicate a possible employment of an isolated bacterial strain for remediation of the chlorpyrifos-contaminated environment
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