Biodegradation of bisphenol-A in river sediment

Abstract

This research investigated the aerobic and anaerobic degradation of bisphenol-A (BPA) in river sediment. With the addition of 250 μg g−1 BPA, the percentages of BPA remaining in sediment from sites A, B, and C were 21.9 %, 3.5 % and 12.5 %, respectively, after 5 days of incubation under aerobic conditions; degradation was not significant after 140 days of incubation under anaerobic conditions. The aerobic degradation of BPA was enhanced by adding yeast extract (5 mg L−1), sodium chloride (1 %), cellulose (0.96 mg L−1), brij 30 (55 μM), brij 35 (91 μM), rhamnolipid (130 mg L−1), or surfactin (43 mg L−1), with rhamnolipid yielding higher BPA degradation than the other additives. 2,4-bis (1,1-dimethyl ethyl) phenol, an intermediate product resulting from the aerobic degradation of BPA was accumulated in sediments. Of the bacterial strains isolated from the sediment, strains J1, J2, J3, and J4 expressed the best aerobic degrading ability. The highest BPA degradation rate was found in the sediment by the addition of strains J1, J2, J3, and J4 combined, whereas the sediment without the addition of the 4 strains had the lowest biodegradation rate. This research offers feasible methods for the removal of BPA in river sediment for bioremediation.