Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomasses derived from dedicated crops and agro-industrial waste materials are promising renewable resources for the production of fuels and other value added bio-products. The production of ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymes from different lignocellulosic agricultural wastes by Pleurotus sapidus WC 529 was investigated in the current study . The production pattern of the enzymes was examined during the growth of the organism for a period of 10 days, and the enzyme activities were expressed in units/mL. Cultivation in the solid-state culture of banana stalk (BS) gave rise to higher levels of laccase, manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP) activities compared to the cellulolytic enzymes. Response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted to optimise the culturing conditions for maximum enzyme secretion. Optimal conditions yielding the highest enzyme activities were: initial pH, 4; temperature, 35 °C; moisture level, 60 %; inoculum size, 4 mL, and incubation time, 120 hours. The crude lignocellulolytic enzyme extract presented potential efficiency for the delignification of different lignocellulosic substrates within 48 hours. The results suggested the feasibility of lignocellulolytic enzyme production using cost effective agro-industrial residues that can be effectively used for lignin biodegradation.
Highlights
Lignocellulose is a macromolecular complex comprising lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose
The recalcitrance of lignin against biodegradation is due to Compared with direct application of WRF, enzymatic treatment appears potentially better due to shorter treatment time, absence of lag phase, reduced sludge volume and ease of controlling the process
The XVHRISXUL¿HGDQGRULPPRELOLVHGOLJQLQRO\WLFHQ]\PHV raises the cost of industrial processes (Bilal & Asgher, 2015)
Summary
Lignocellulose is a macromolecular complex comprising lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. About 5 mL of P. sapidus spore VXVSHQVLRQ ZDV XVHG WR LQRFXODWH WKH ÀDVNV FRQWDLQLQJ lignocellulosic substrates (wheat straw, corncobs, corn stover, rice straw, banana stalk and sugarcane bagasse). D VWHULOH VDPSOH P/ IURP HDFK ÀDVN ZDV WDNHQ DQG analysed for enzyme activities (Yasmeen et al, 2013). Lignocellulosic biomass such as, wheat straw (WS) and rice straw (RS) were collected from Students Research Farms, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan; corn stover (CS) and corncobs (CC) were collected from Rafhan Maize Products Co. Ltd., Faisalabad, Pakistan; and sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and banana stalk (BS) were procured from the local fruit market and Crescent Sugar Mills, Faisalabad, Pakistan, respectively. After 5 days of cultivation, mycelia were homogenised using a Waring laboratory blender
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