Biodegradation of a high-strength wastewater containing a mixture of ammonium, aromatic compounds and salts with simultaneous nitritation in an aerobic granular reactor

Abstract

Long-term operation (390 days) of a continuous airlift reactor with aerobic granular biomass was successfully applied to treat a highly complex wastewater composed of: ammonium (1000mgNL−1), o-cresol (100mgL−1), phenol (100mgL−1), quinoline (50mgL−1) and salts (16g salts L−1). High nitrogen loading rate (1.1gNL−1 d−1) and organic loading rate of 0.7 (g CODL−1d−1) were achieved for the simultaneous nitritation and complete biodegradation of the aromatic compounds. The successful operation of the granular airlift reactor can be related to (i) the growth of specialized microorganisms in the aerobic granules and (ii) the continuous feeding regime. Aerobic granules were maintained stable in spite of the high salinity conditions. Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and DO/ammonium concentrations ratio were the key parameters to select a suitable effluent for anammox or heterotrophic denitrification via nitrite. Besides, nitrous oxide emissions were related to the DO concentration in the reactor.