Abstract
Objectives: The aim was to determine the biodegradation potential of crude oil by Chlorella sp. under mixotrophic conditions, as well as the capacity of production of biomass and photosynthetic pigments. Methods / Statistical Analysis: Concentrations of 5 g/L, 10 g/L, 15 g/L and 20 g/L crude oil were evaluated for 15 days with light intensity of 2500 lux, the oil mass removed, the production of biomass and photosynthetic pigments were measured. The treatments were carried out in triplicate and expressed as the mean ± the standard error. A ANOVA and Tukey test were carried out for the significant differences. Findings: The microalga Chlorella sp. under the conditions of mixotrophic growth showed the highest average mass removal of crude oil at concentrations of 10 g/L with a percentage of 96.64% on day 15, as well as high biomass production with 0.0786 g/mL and photosynthetic pigments on day 12 with 0.575 μg/mL for carotenoids and 1,740 μg/mL for chlorophyll-a, while chlorophyll b production was higher at the same concentration but on day 15 with 1,317 μg/mL. These results show that Chlorella sp. It has the capacity to grow under different concentrations of crude oil and this is positively influenced with high biomass production and high content of photosynthetic pigments with potential for biotechnological applications. Improvements / Applications: The mixotróficos growth conditions in vitro using crude oil as the sole source of carbon stimulate the productivity of algal biomass and photosynthetic pigments. Keywords: Biodegradation, Chlorella, Microalga, Mixotrophic, GC-MS
Highlights
Environmental pollution has been positioned as the most important problem affecting the world[1], being one of the main environmental deteriorations of soil and water pollution by hydrocarbons of the oil[2], whose pollution is the responsibility of all sectors of the oil industry such as extraction, refinement, transport and consumption
Biodegradation Activity of Crude Oil by Chlorella sp. under Mixotrophic Conditions animals and humans[8,9] and given their nature hydrophobic can persist for long periods of time[10]
That is why in this investigation it was proposed to determine the potential of biodegradation of crude oil by the microalga Chlorella sp
Summary
Environmental pollution has been positioned as the most important problem affecting the world[1], being one of the main environmental deteriorations of soil and water pollution by hydrocarbons of the oil[2], whose pollution is the responsibility of all sectors of the oil industry such as extraction, refinement, transport and consumption. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the most toxic components of crude oil and are associated with carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects in both. Bioremediation implies the use of living organisms and all their biochemical machinery to degrade and/or transform pollutants into less toxic forms of the environment[11], which has proved to be an effective, safe and less expensive technique[12]. There are different cleaning techniques in case of oil spills and can be classified into four main groups: physical methods, chemicals, natural processes, biological and a combination of these can be used to achieve effective cleaning[17], but when choosing the appropriate technique, it must have a good cost-benefit balance, and that is where the biological remediation processes gain prominence due to their low cost and high efficiency gaining wide scenarios in the recovery of contaminated sites[18]. That is why in this investigation it was proposed to determine the potential of biodegradation of crude oil by the microalga Chlorella sp
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