Biodegradable spherical granules for bone healing of critical-size cranial defects in growing rabbits

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event Biodegradable spherical granules for bone healing of critical-size cranial defects in growing rabbits Hani Shash1, 2*, Uwe U. Gbureck3*, Mirko Gilardino1, Hani Shash1, 2*, Marie-Christine Aumais1* and Jake J. Barralet1 1 McGill University, Plastic Surgery, Canada 2 Al-Dammam University, Plastic Surgery, Saudi Arabia 3 ZMK Clinic, Department for functional materials, Germany Background: Cranial defects in the pediatric population are a complex reconstructive problem due to the growing calvarium, which prohibits the use of rigid fixation and synthetic implants. Currently autologous bone grafts are the gold-standard treatment but are in limited supply in children, often result in suboptimal contour, are susceptible to resorption and cause donor site morbidity. Biodegradable ceramic bone graft substitutes, such as Monetite have been preclinically proven to repair defects in long bones by stimulating ingrowth and progressively dissolving. We hypothesize that Monetite granules could serve as an ideal implant for cranial defects in children by stimulating bone repair while accommodating growth (expansion) of the cranium. Methods: Critical size cranial defects (CSCD) were created in 9 young New Zealand white rabbits (n=9). Group 1 (n=3) consisted of a CSCD alone. Group 2 consisted of defects filled with high porosity monetite (n=3), while Group 3 had their defects filled with low porosity monetite (n=3). CT imaging and cephalometric analysis was performed pre- and post-operatively, and every month after surgery until sacrifice at two months. Gross examination, MicroCT and histology were performed after harvest. Effect of the treatment on cranial growth was assessed using cephalometry. Results: Analysis of critical sized defects in the control group demonstrated limited closure and persistent defect. While limited in the high porosity Group, significant bony ingrowth was noted histologically and radiologically in the low porosity monetite group. Bone volume analysis was statistically higher in the low porosity group in comparison to other groups. The use of monetite did not affect cranial growth (cephalometrics). Conclusion: High porosity monetite granules increased the amount of bone deposition in critical size cranial defects in growing rabbits. There was no evidence of growth hindrance in all groups. This material potentially may serve as the ideal bone substitute, especially in the pediatric population. Keywords: Biocompatibility, Calcium phosphate, Bone repair, Biodegradable material Conference: 10th World Biomaterials Congress, Montréal, Canada, 17 May - 22 May, 2016. Presentation Type: Poster Topic: Bone substitutes in clinics Citation: Shash H, Gbureck UU, Gilardino M, Shash H, Aumais M and Barralet JJ (2016). Biodegradable spherical granules for bone healing of critical-size cranial defects in growing rabbits. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. Conference Abstract: 10th World Biomaterials Congress. doi: 10.3389/conf.FBIOE.2016.01.01465 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 27 Mar 2016; Published Online: 30 Mar 2016. * Correspondence: Dr. Hani Shash, McGill University, Plastic Surgery, Montreal, QC, Canada, Email1 Dr. Uwe U Gbureck, ZMK Clinic, Department for functional materials, Wurzburg, Germany, Email2 Dr. Hani Shash, McGill University, Plastic Surgery, Montreal, QC, Canada, hani.shash@gmail.com Dr. Marie-Christine Aumais, McGill University, Plastic Surgery, Montreal, QC, Canada, Mariec.aumais@gmail.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Hani Shash Uwe U Gbureck Mirko Gilardino Hani Shash Marie-Christine Aumais Jake J Barralet Google Hani Shash Uwe U Gbureck Mirko Gilardino Hani Shash Marie-Christine Aumais Jake J Barralet Google Scholar Hani Shash Uwe U Gbureck Mirko Gilardino Hani Shash Marie-Christine Aumais Jake J Barralet PubMed Hani Shash Uwe U Gbureck Mirko Gilardino Hani Shash Marie-Christine Aumais Jake J Barralet Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.