Biodegradable Polylactide Scaffolds with Pharmacological Activity by Means of Ultrasound Micromolding Technology

Cristian Olmo,Jordi Puiggalí,Lourdes Franco,Luis J Del Valle

doi:10.3390/app10093106

Cristian Olmo, Jordi Puiggalí + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/app10093106

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Journal: Applied sciences	Publication Date: Apr 29, 2020
Citations: 6	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya

Abstract

Ultrasound micromolding technology has been applied to get microporous polylactide scaffolds from the subsequent leaching of incorporated NaCl salts. A small amount of water-soluble polyethylene glycol (PEG) was required in order to improve the leaching process and get compact pieces with interconnected pores. Distribution of polymers in the processed specimens was quite homogeneous due to the small PEG content, although it was more concentrated in the regions close to the feeding channels due to its higher viscosity. Hydrophobic drugs like triclosan could be incorporated causing a minimum degradation during ultrasound processing and suffering an insignificant solubilization during the leaching step. Final scaffolds showed clear bactericide or bacteriostatic effects before and after 10 h of exposure. Cell proliferation of MDCK epithelial cells was higher for TCS loaded porous scaffolds (200%) than for unloaded samples (170%) and non-porous polylactide (PLA) specimens (100%, control). Micrographs showed the absence of non-inhibition areas in both the specimens and the container, confirming the biocompatibility of PLA specimens.

Highlights

The regeneration and repair of biological tissues usually require a temporal or permanent support to provide at least structural and mechanical properties
Tissue engineering appears as a new research discipline [1,2,3] that is addressed to develop new materials with appropriate properties and features that can improve their final performance with additional functions
Efforts are mainly focused on accelerating the regeneration and reparation of tissues, to guide cell growth [4], to increase the biodegradability of temporal supports, to decrease cytoxicity [5,6], to produce nanocomposites reinforced with particles or fibers in order to improve adhesion and cell proliferation [7,8,9], to incorporate growth factors and other bioactive agents in order to stimulate cell growth [10,11], to give an antimicrobial response or other effects such as radical scavenging [12], and to develop materials with electroconductive properties that make feasible an electrical stimulation or a controlled drug release [13]

Summary

Introduction

The regeneration and repair of biological tissues usually require a temporal or permanent support to provide at least structural and mechanical properties. Efforts are mainly focused on accelerating the regeneration and reparation of tissues, to guide cell growth [4], to increase the biodegradability of temporal supports, to decrease cytoxicity [5,6], to produce nanocomposites reinforced with particles or fibers in order to improve adhesion and cell proliferation [7,8,9], to incorporate growth factors and other bioactive agents in order to stimulate cell growth [10,11], to give an antimicrobial response or other effects such as radical scavenging [12], and to develop materials with electroconductive properties that make feasible an electrical stimulation or a controlled drug release [13]. Porous scaffolds may enhance cell transit and diffusion of nutrients and growth factors [15,16]

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