Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a complex syndrome of clinical symptoms. In order to accurately diagnose the type of disease in ACS patients, this study is aimed at exploring the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and biological pathways between acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and unstable angina (UA). The GSE29111 and GSE60993 datasets containing microarray data from AMI and UA patients were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. DEG analysis of these 2 datasets is performed using the “limma” package in R software. DEGs were also analyzed using protein-protein interaction (PPI), Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) algorithm, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Correlation analysis and “cytoHubba” were used to analyze the hub genes. A total of 286 DEGs were obtained from GSE29111 and GSE60993, including 132 upregulated genes and 154 downregulated genes. Subsequent comprehensive analysis identified 20 key genes that may be related to the occurrence and development of AMI and UA and were involved in the inflammatory response, interaction of neuroactive ligand-receptor, calcium signaling pathway, inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels, viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor, human cytomegalovirus infection, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway. The integrated bioinformatical analysis could improve our understanding of DEGs between AMI and UA. The results of this study might provide a new perspective and reference for the early diagnosis and treatment of ACS.
Highlights
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a complex syndrome of clinical symptoms, which is characterized by acute myocardial ischemia with severe coronary stenosis or occlusion caused by coronary plaque rupture and subsequent thrombosis, mainly including acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and unstable angina (UA) [1, 2]
“Acute myocardial infarction” and “Unstable angina” were used as keywords to obtain gene expression microarray datasets related to AMI and UA
The findings of our study suggest that the differential genes (DEGs) between AMI and UA are related to the inflammatory response, which provides a reference for their treatment
Summary
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a complex syndrome of clinical symptoms, which is characterized by acute myocardial ischemia with severe coronary stenosis or occlusion caused by coronary plaque rupture and subsequent thrombosis, mainly including acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and unstable angina (UA) [1, 2]. AMI can be divided into acute ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI). Acute non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEMI) due to the different stratification of early diagnosis and treatment [3]. According to the statistics of the American Heart Association (AHA) and the National Institutes of Health in 2019, there were about 633,000 patients with acute coronary syndrome in 2014, including about 609,000 AMI patients and about 24,000 UA patients [4]. Studies have shown that some UA patients will develop into AMI if they are not treated properly [10, 11]. The identification of differential genes (DEGs) between UA and AMI is essential for the development of new targeted drugs to improve clinical efficacy
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