Bio-convection effects on Williamson nanofluid flow with exponential heat source and motile microorganism over a stretching sheet

Abstract

This article studies the bio-convection impacts on Williamson nanofluid flow and covers the nonlinear thermal radiation and chemical reaction effects on stretching sheet. The fundamental focus is to enhance heat transfer. Nanofluids are the most important source of effective heat source, having many applications in scientific and technological processes. Nanomaterials with superior thermal characteristics offer a wide range of uses in medicine, energy generation, heat exchange, and electronic cooling systems, among others. The present physical problem involving this flow is contained the nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). An appropriate transformation is used to convert the partial differential equations (PDEs) to ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which are then numerically settled utilizing bvp4c method in MATLAB. The physical features of nanofluids such as fluid velocity, volumetric concentration, temperature, and profiles of motile organisms are studied in relation to various factors. Additionally, the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, Sherwood number as well as motile microorganism number are calculated numerically using tables. It is found that the velocity profile decreases for the boosted values of Walliamson fluid parameter, magnetic parameter, angle of inclination and buoyancy ratio parameter. The temperature grows by increasing the values of thermophoresis parameter, exponential space and thermally based heat source/sink parameter. A survey of the available literature corroborates the aforementioned results.