Abstract
Currently, nanofluid is a hot area of interest for researchers. The nanofluid with bioconvection phenomenon attracted the researchers owing to its numerous applications in the field of nanotechnology, microbiology, nuclear science, heat storage devices, biosensors, biotechnology, hydrogen bomb, engine of motors, cancer treatment, the atomic reactor, cooling of devices, and in many more. This article presents the bioconvection cross-diffusion effects on the magnetohydrodynamic flow of nanofluids on three different geometries (cone, wedge, and plate) with mixed convection. The temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and Arrhenius activation energy applications are considered on the fluid flow with melting phenomenon. The flow is analyzed under thermal and solutal Robin’s conditions. The problem is formulated in the mathematical formulation of partial differential equations (PDEs). The similarity transformations are applied to diminish the governing nonlinear coupled boundary value problems into higher-order non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The resulting expressions/equation numerically tackled utilizing the famous bvp4c package by MATLAB for various interesting parameters. The results were physically and numerically calculated through graphics and tables for the velocity field, energy distribution, nanoparticles concentration, and microorganisms profile for numerous parameters. From the obtained results, we discern that the transfer of heat and mass coefficient is high over a plate and cone in the flow, respectively. The velocity profile is reduced via a larger magnetic parameter. Temperaturedependent thermal conductivity enhances the thermal field. Larger thermophoresis enhanced the concentration of nanoparticles. The microorganisms’ Biot number boosts the microorganism’s profile.
Highlights
The MHD is applied in various fields, including multidisciplinary technological areas like biochemical manufacturing heat transfer, automotive sector, ceramic technology, aerodynamic performance, metallurgical technology, mental operating techniques, and fluid dynamics
It was stated that the thermal boundary layer flow declined to owe to an increase in the shrinking parameters
The heat transmission and magnetohydrodynamic flow through the porous plate and shrinking surface were studied by Chauhan et al [2]
Summary
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) has a vital role in several flow phenomena, including industry. To the author’s best knowledge, no studies have yet reported analyzing bioconvections for the heat and mass transfer of the MHD flow with cross-diffusion impacts by considering three different geometries by considering the thermal and solutal Robin’s conditions. We filled this gap with the assistance of the above-cited studies. The prime motive of this study is to investigate the consequences of the occurrence of motile microorganisms on nanofluid flow with thermal radiation, activation energy, and melting phenomena past the geometries cone, wedge, and the plate. Outcomes are exposed graphically and conferred numerical values for various physical parameters
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