Abstract
Seedling rot disease in rice leads to significant loss in the production of seedlings. This research was conducted to explore yeasts that could be used as biological control agents against rice seedling rot disease caused by Curvularia lunata and Helminthosporium oryzae. In total, 167 epiphytic yeast strains were evaluated, revealing that 13 of these yeast strains demonstrated antagonistic activities against fungal pathogens and either C. lunata DOAC 2313 or H. oryzae DOAC 2293. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and biofilm produced were possible antagonistic mechanisms in vitro for all the antagonistic yeast strains. Using nursery trays in a greenhouse, this study evaluated the control of rice seedling rot disease caused by these two fungal pathogens using antagonistic yeasts, identified in the present study and from our previous study. Torulaspora indica DMKU-RP31 and Wickerhamomyces anomalus YE-42 were found to completely control rice seedling rot disease caused by both of these fungal pathogens. Furthermore, W. anomalus DMKU-RP04 revealed 100% disease control when the disease was caused by H. oryzae. This is the first report on using antagonistic yeasts to control rice seedling rot disease caused by C. lunata and H. oryzae. These three antagonistic yeasts also showed promising potential for development as biocontrol agents against rice seedling rot disease caused by fungi.
Highlights
Rice (Oryza sativar) is the most widely produced and consumed staple food in Asian countries [1]
We evaluated the antagonistic activities of yeasts against C. lunata DOAC 2313 and H. oryzae DOAC 2293
The present study evaluated the antagonistic activities against C. lunata DOAC 2313 and H. oryzae DOAC 2293 by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) production form 11 and six antagonistic yeast strains, respectively
Summary
Rice (Oryza sativar) is the most widely produced and consumed staple food in Asian countries [1]. In Thailand, two of the significant causal agents of rice seedling rot in nursery trays are C. lunata and H. oryzae, as reported by the Rice Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives of Thailand [2]. Antagonistic yeasts, using a variety of biocontrol mechanisms, have been reported to carry out biological control activities against various fungal pathogens that cause plant and post-harvest diseases [13,15,18,19]. The objective of the present research was to explore antagonistic yeasts that could be used as biological control agents against rice seedling rot disease caused by two fungal pathogens, C. lunata and H. oryzae. Using nursery trays in a greenhouse, the antagonistic yeasts, obtained from this study and our previous study, were evaluated for their efficacy in controlling rice seedling rot disease caused by these two fungal pathogens
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