Bioconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different tissues of zebrafish (Danio rerio) investigated with PBTK model.

Abstract

Due to the lipophilicity, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are easily accumulated in fish. However, the research on PAH bioaccumulation process in different fish tissues and the relevant effect mechanisms are still deficient. The bioconcentration of PAHs (phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, and pyrene) in different zebrafish tissues (skin, fish muscle, gill, digestive tract, liver, gonad, and residual) was studied. It was found that there was a difference in the PAH concentrations in different zebrafish tissues. Compared with other tissues, the PAH concentration was highest in the skin and lowest in the fish muscle. For example, the steady-state concentration of phenanthrene in the skin was nearly five times higher than that in the muscle. PAH distribution was related with the lipid contents in different zebrafish tissues; however, the correlation was not significant (p > 0.05), indicating that the lipid content was not the determining factor for the PAH distribution. The distribution was also affected by the bioconcentration kinetics of PAHs in different zebrafish tissues, and the PAH hydrophobic properties. In addition, the physiological based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model showed good performance in predicting PAH internal concentrations, and it may be used to predict the concentrations of PAHs in different fish tissues in future.