Biocompatible Magnetic Colloidal Suspension Used as a Tool for Localized Hyperthermia in Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells: Physicochemical Analysis and Complex In Vitro Biological Profile.

Elena-Alina Moacă,Stela Iurciuc,Codruța Șoica,Simona Cîntă-Pînzaru,Fran Nekvapil,Lucian Barbu Tudoran,Vlad Socoliuc,Cristina-Adriana Dehelean,Claudia-Geanina Watz,Cornelia Păcurariu,Robert Ianoş,Roxana Racoviceanu

doi:10.3390/nano11051189

Abstract

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are the most desired nanomaterials for biomedical applications due to their unique physiochemical properties. A facile single-step process for the preparation of a highly stable and biocompatible magnetic colloidal suspension based on citric-acid-coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles used as an effective heating source for the hyperthermia treatment of cancer cells is presented. The physicochemical analysis revealed that the magnetic colloidal suspension had a z-average diameter of 72.7 nm at 25 °C with a polydispersity index of 0.179 and a zeta potential of −45.0 mV, superparamagnetic features, and a heating capacity that was quantified by an intrinsic loss power analysis. Raman spectroscopy showed the presence of magnetite and confirmed the presence of citric acid on the surfaces of the magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The biological results showed that breast adenocarcinoma cells (MDA-MB-231) were significantly affected after exposure to the magnetic colloidal suspension with a concentration of 30 µg/mL 24 h post-treatment under hyperthermic conditions, while the nontumorigenic (MCF-10A) cells exhibited a viability above 90% under the same thermal setup. Thus, the biological data obtained in the present study clearly endorse the need for further investigations to establish the clinical biological potential of synthesized magnetic colloidal suspension for magnetically triggered hyperthermia.

Highlights

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, termed MIONPs, have become one of the most desirable nanomaterials due to their unique physiochemical properties [1,2], high biocompatibility and biodegradability [3], low toxicity as compared with other metallic nanoparticles, long-time retention, superparamagnetic properties [4,5,6,7], and surface modulation by chemical functionalization [8]
The main aim of the current study was the synthesis of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONPs) with excellent magnetic properties by employing the combustion method, and further to obtain an magnetic colloidal suspension (MCS) based on these MIONPs that manifest high stability in a hydrophilic medium under both normothermic and hyperthermic conditions
The current study presents the synthesis of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles through the combustion method using a molar ratio of 0.6:1 oxidizing agent to fuel at 400 ◦ C

Summary

Introduction

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, termed MIONPs, have become one of the most desirable nanomaterials due to their unique physiochemical properties (e.g., stability in solutions at neutral pHs) [1,2], high biocompatibility and biodegradability [3], low toxicity as compared with other metallic nanoparticles, long-time retention, superparamagnetic properties [4,5,6,7], and surface modulation by chemical functionalization [8]. The huge benefit of this method is its reliability in the synthesis of different oxide materials, alloys, magnetic materials, and composites [10,11,12,13]. This synthesis method presents many advantages compared to other synthesis methods. Among them are that it requires low amounts of energy because it consists of a single-step process without further annealing at high temperatures, has a short duration (in the range of minutes), and is environmentally friendly

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