Abstract
To investigate the compatibility of a new model of self-expandable tracheal stent in rats. A new device of polyurethane covered and non - covered stent was placed in the trachea of Wistar rats. Animals were distributed in two groups: the polyurethane covered and non-covered group. Macroscopic parameters included position within the tracheal lumen, adherence to the mucosa, degree of dilatation, permeability and internal diameter. Microscopic findings evaluated were: incorporation, inflammatory activity, granulation tissue and epithelial revetment injuries. The observation follow-up was six weeks. All parameters were quantified based on determined score values. Incorporation of the stents was evaluated based on the observation if the stent was fixed into the trachea or if it could be removed. Degree of dilatation was performed by external diameter measurements. Granulation tissue was evaluated by measurements of height of the tissue growing into the tracheal lumen. 100% of non-covered stents had total attachment to mucosa and 100% of polyurethane covered type had adherence only. Regarding dilatation, granulation tissue, inflammatory activity and internal diameter measurements, there were no significant differences between the groups. Pathological tracheal wall injuries were present in both groups. Both models of stent demonstrated biocompatibility with the trachea. Rats are suitable for an experimental model of tracheal stent study.
Highlights
The aim of tracheobronchial stents is to preserve the permeability of the airways
The objective of this study is to evaluate the macroscopic and histological changings resulting from the placement of a self-expanding nitinol stent covered with polyurethane and an uncovered model in rats
The tracheal stent was placed in 30 adult Wistar rats, ten months old, male and female, 400g average weight, raised at the Technological Research Department (TRD) of Mogi das Cruzes University (UMC)
Summary
From the conventional tracheotomy tubes, these stents maintain the airflow, what allows preservation of voice, humidification, warming and filtration of inhaled air. They have been used in cases of benign and malignant obstructions, involving the trachea, the carina and the main bronchi. They are inserted under endoscopic control at bronchoscopy. The malignant obstructions occur in patients with tracheal primary tumors, advanced lung, esophagus and thyroid neoplasms. Regarding the latter patients, surgical treatment is not always curative and palliative disobstruction of the airways is needed
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