Biocompatibility and Osteogenic Potential of Calcium Silicate-Based Cement Combined with Enamel Matrix Derivative: Effects on Human Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells.

Hye-Min Kim,Donghee Lee,Sin-Young Kim

doi:10.3390/ma14247750

Hye-Min Kim, Donghee Lee + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14247750

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Abstract

The characteristics of retrograde filling material are important factors that can affect the long-term success of apical microsurgery. Various calcium silicate-based cements (CSC) were introduced to overcome drawbacks of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), while Emdogain is known to be effective in the regeneration of periodontal tissues. The aim of this study is to evaluate the biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of various CSCs combined with Emdogain on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Experimental groups were classified into eight groups depending on the material and the presence of Emdogain. In the cell-counting kit test, all experimental groups combined with Emdogain showed higher cell viability compared with those without Emdogain at days 1 and 2. In the wound-healing assay, cell migration increased significantly over time, with or without Emdogain. In the alkaline phosphatase assay, all groups treated with Emdogain showed higher activity compared with those without Emdogain at day 3 (p < 0.05). Using alizarin red S staining, all groups treated with Emdogain showed greater calcium nodule formation compared with those without Emdogain at days 7 and 14 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, using CSCs as retrograde filling materials and the application of additional Emdogain will increase bone regeneration and improve the prognosis of apical microsurgery.

Highlights

Accepted: 13 December 2021Tight apical sealing affects the success of apical microsurgery, and the regeneration of peripheral bone destroyed by apical inflammation is an important indicator of success [1,2,3].Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has excellent features, such as biocompatibility, odontoblastic ability, and tight sealing properties [4]
Using alizarin red S staining, all groups treated with Emdogain showed greater calcium nodule formation compared with those without Emdogain at days 7 and 14 (p < 0.05)
At days 1 and 2, all groups treated with Emdogain showed significantly higher cell proliferation compared with those without Emdogain (Figure 1A,B, p < 0.05), whereas a significant difference between Emdogain-treated and untreated cells was observed only in the control group at day 4 (Figure 1C, p < 0.05)

Summary

Introduction

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has excellent features, such as biocompatibility, odontoblastic ability, and tight sealing properties [4]. It is known to be effective in the regeneration of periapical destructed bone, it has the disadvantages of discoloration, heavy metal content, and a long setting time [6,7,8,9,10]. CSCs have been developed with the advantage of reduced setting time and no discoloration. They can be hardened in bleeding conditions and applied more during retrograde filling procedures in apical microsurgery [15,16,17,18].

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