Abstract
AbstractThe synthesis of collagen–hydroxyapatite composites has been carried out, and the biocompatibility and osteoconductivity properties have been tested. This research was conducted to determine the ability of hydroxyapatite–collagen composites to support the bone growth through the graft surface. Hydroxyapatite used in this study was synthesized from coral with a purity of 96.6%, while collagen was extracted from the chicken claw. The process of forming a scaffold of collagen–hydroxyapatite composites was carried out using the freeze-drying method at −80°C for 4 h. The biocompatibility characteristics of the sample through the cytotoxicity tests showed that the percentage of viable cells in collagen–hydroxyapatite biocomposite was 108.2%, which is higher than the percentage of viable cells of hydroxyapatite or collagen material. When the viable cell is above 100%, collagen–hydroxyapatite composites have excellent osteoconductivity as a material for bone regeneration.
Highlights
The bone defect is a disease associated with the functional disability that has a serious impact on the quality of life of Several types of bone grafts are used in the treatment of bone defects – autograft, allograft, and xenograft
Silicate compounds are not detected in X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks as in the results of the pure coral spectrum; they have good thermostability
Coral can be used as a bone replacement biomaterial because it can produce calcium phosphate in the form of 96.6% hydroxyapatite and 3.4% tricalcium phosphate
Summary
The bone defect is a disease associated with the functional disability that has a serious impact on the quality of life of Several types of bone grafts are used in the treatment of bone defects – autograft, allograft, and xenograft. Autograft is the “gold standard” for bone growth in the spine because autograft has osteoconduction, osteoinduction, and osteogenesis properties [4]. Autograft is an ideal bone graph, autograft cannot be used in large bone defects. Allograft and xenograft are alternatives to the use of autograft Both these procedures do not require surgery to get a bone graft from another part of the patient’s body. They do not require two surgeries similar to autograft and can reduce pain. The sterilization process carried out in allograft and xenograft results in the nature of osteogenesis being completely lost, and all bone cells would have died [7]
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