Biocompatibility and immunohistochemical evaluation of a new calcium silicate-based cement, Bio-C Pulpo.

Abstract

To evaluate the inflammatory response and ability to induce mineral deposition through histological and immunohistochemical analysis for osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) of a new calcium silicate-based cement, Bio-C Pulpo (Angelus), compared to white mineral trioxide aggregate (White MTA-Ang) (Angelus). Polyethylene tubes containing Bio-C Pulpo and White MTA-Ang as well as empty tubes were implanted into the dorsal connective tissue of 30 Wistar rats, which were arranged in five groups according to the period of analysis: 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90days. After each experimental period, the tubes with surrounding tissue were removed and histologically processed to be analysed using haematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry for the detection of OCN, OPN and BSP. The data were statistically analysed (Friedman's test) at a 5% significance level. The inflammatory response observed with Bio-C Pulpo and White MTA-Ang was greater after 7 and 15days and decreased from 30days onwards. No significant difference was found between the control, Bio-C Pulpo and White MTA-Ang at the different periods of analysis (P>0.05). The immunolabelling for OCN, OPN and BSP was more intense for Bio-C Pulpo and White MTA-Ang after 60 and 90days, but there was no difference between Bio-C Pulpo and White MTA-Ang at the different periods of analysis (P>0.05). Bio-C Pulpo is biocompatible and induces immunolabelling of osteogenic markers such as OCN, OPN and BSP similar to White MTA-Ang.