Abstract
A simple surface modification method, comprising of a thin coating with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and fibronectin (FN), was developed to improve the biocompatibility required for cardiovascular devices. The nanocomposites from FN and AuNPs (FN-Au) were characterized by the atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-Vis spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The biocompatibility of the nanocomposites was evaluated by the response of monocytes and platelets to the material surface in vitro. FN-Au coated surfaces demonstrated low monocyte activation and platelet activation. The behavior of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on FN-Au was further investigated. MSCs on FN-Au nanocomposites particularly that containing 43.5 ppm of AuNPs (FN-Au 43.5 ppm) showed cell proliferation, low ROS generation, as well as increases in the protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which may account for the enhanced MSC migration on the nanocomposites. These results suggest that the FN-Au nanocomposite thin film coating may serve as a potential and simple solution for the surface modification of blood-contacting devices such as vascular grafts.
Highlights
Surface modification of biomaterials by immobilization of different biomolecules has been proven to improve blood compatibility [1] or to enhance cell attachment and proliferation [2]
We investigated if the combination of FN and Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) may produce anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet effects and may induce the migration and endothelial cells (ECs) phenotype of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
The peak at 525 nm was attributed to the concentration increase of AuNPs from 17.4 ppm to 174 ppm
Summary
Surface modification of biomaterials by immobilization of different biomolecules has been proven to improve blood compatibility [1] or to enhance cell attachment and proliferation [2]. Fibronectin (FN) is a well studied glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix (ECM). It is widely distributed in the connective tissue and blood plasma of human body [3]. Plasma FN and fibrinogen play an important role in establishing the provisional matrix after the inflammatory phase [7]. This implicates FN in ECM as a key molecule in cardiovascular pathophysiology
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