Abstract
With the development of nanotechnology in recent years, there have been concerns about the health effects of nanoparticles. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are fibrous nanoparticles with a micro-sized length and nano-sized diameter, which exhibit excellent physical properties and are widely studied for their potential application in medicine. However, asbestos has been historically shown to cause pleural malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer by inhalation exposure. Because carbon nanotubes are also fibrous nanotubes, some have raised concerns about its possible carcinogenicity. We have reported that there is no clear evidence of carcinogenicity by local and intravenous administration of multi-walled CNTs to cancer mice models. We firmly believe that CNTs can be a safe, new, and high-performance biomaterials by controlling its type, site of administration, and dosage.
Highlights
In recent years, nano-sized materials, with particle sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nm, have been used in various fields, and nanotechnology continues to make remarkable progress
In evaluating calcification using Alizarin Red S staining [33], the group exposed to multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) exhibited better staining compared to carbon black, in addition to significantly higher levels of osteocalcin, a bone formation marker measured by real time PCR [34]
In both the group administered with MWCNTs and group administered with the tattoo ink control, most of the particles penetrated the macrophages at one week after administration, and there was a mild inflammatory reaction caused by fibroblasts, white blood cells (WBC), and lymphocytes in the surrounding area
Summary
Nano-sized materials, with particle sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nm, have been used in various fields, and nanotechnology continues to make remarkable progress These nanomaterials include carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbonaceous materials, such as fullerenes; metal particles, such as gold or silver nanoparticles and titanium oxide; ceramic particles, such as silicon dioxide and; organic polymer particles. CNTs and asbestos often differ in their surface charge, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, active metal properties, tensile strength, and bio-durability Despite these differences, the fibrous morphology of the nanoparticles has led some researchers to believe that CNTs may potentially be carcinogenic like asbestos [16]. The fibrous morphology of the nanoparticles has led some researchers to believe that CNTs may potentially be carcinogenic like asbestos [16] The pharmacokinetics of these nanoparticles, as they are implanted in the body as biomaterials, remains unknown, and it is unclear how CNTs affect the living body. We will summarize currently reported results from biocompatibility and carcinogenicity tests on CNTs, in vitro and in vivo, and we will discuss their effects on the living body, methods of evaluation, and potential as biomaterials
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