Abstract
The modern landscape of a large city is a complex, dynamically changing environment with a constant influence of environmental, social and economic factors. The gradual historical development of the territory and the change in urban processes led to the formation of a city containing mixed-type areas, i.e. border territories and separate zones - industrial, residential, intermediate. In Russia, the improvement of coastal zones in large cities has become an urgent task when adjusting master plans for the development of territories [1-5]. The main component of such projects is the development of a concept for the renovation of coastal zones into generally accessible natural and recreational recreation areas based on water bodies within the urban planning. The creation of recreations, recreation areas, the formation of a system of pedestrian communications, the opening of residential complexes to the water, the integration of water into public urban spaces [2-6]. A comprehensive analysis of theoretical studies and design experience made it possible to highlight the properties of water used in architecture and urban planning. Thus, the development of a promising bioclimatic model of urban settlements of the third millennium will be based on ecological design, which includes part of the processes of the circulation of substances and energy, as well as harmony in the environment [6-9].
Highlights
It is known that the urbanized landscape of the city requires an expansion of the scale and territories while maintaining the multifunctionality of spaces
The calculation of the water balance of the Temernik river and the adjacent landscape within the boundaries of the water protection zone can be performed according to formulas 1, 2, 3
Based on the analysis of the physical model of water pollution, we have developed a physical model of the process of reducing water pollution in the river Temernik, shown in Fig. 7, including the parameters of the water protection zone, the organization of MSW collection, shore protection works, the parameters of landscaping and landscaping, the expansion and deepening of the channel, the parameters of the recreational zone [3, 7, 8, 23,24,25]
Summary
It is known that the urbanized landscape of the city requires an expansion of the scale and territories while maintaining the multifunctionality of spaces. A general analysis of the territories adjacent to the riverbed within the city boundaries showed the need to divide the study area into sections, taking into account the temporal formation, urban planning situation, and the degree of transformation. In this case, all objects bordering the river are considered, which are sources of impact on the water body under consideration. The assessment of the planning structure of cities on waterways, taking into account the study of the ecological state of a water body, was carried out by the authors on the example of the Temernik river, flowing through the territory of the city with a population of one million Rostov-on-Don [3, 6, 12, 13]. Wastewater from enterprises and organizations, discharged directly into the reservoir through streams and gullies, have an additional negative impact on the ecological state of the Temernik river
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