Abstract
One of the advantages of using biodiesel and its blends with diesel oil is the lower levels of emissions of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, among others, making it less harmful to the environment and to humans. However, this biofuel is susceptible to microbial contamination and biodeterioration. In this sense, studies on the use of effective low toxicity biocides are being carried out, and this work aims to present the latest information (2008–2018) available in the scientific databases, on the use of biocides in biodiesel, mainly concerning their toxicity to the environment and public health. The results showed that in relation to the control of microbial contamination, the current scenario is limited, with seven publications, in which the most studied additives were isothiazolinones, oxazolidines, thiocyanates, morpholines, oxaborinanes, thiocarbamates and phenolic antioxidants. Studies regarding direct experiments with humans have not been found, showing the need for more studies in this area, since the potential growth of biodiesel production and consumption in the world is evident. Thus, there are need for more studies on antimicrobial products for use in biodiesel, with good broad-spectrum activity (bactericidal and fungicidal), and further toxicological tests to ensure no or little impact on the environment.
Highlights
Biodiesels are composed of monoalkyl esters of fatty acids extracted from vegetable and microbial oils or animal fat
Due to the practicality in the biodeterioration of biodiesels, this review focuses on the effective use of additives with low toxicity [10]
This review shows researches review shows thatthat researches on on biodiesel synthesis have increased, a main concern is what be said about its stability, biodiesel synthesis have increased, but but a main concern is what can can be said about its stability, the the microbiological contamination, consequences useofofbiocides biocidesinin biodiesel biodiesel on on the microbiological contamination, andand thethe consequences of of thethe use environment
Summary
Biodiesels are composed of monoalkyl esters of fatty acids extracted from vegetable and microbial oils or animal fat. Biodiesel feedstocks are more accessible, renewable and economically viable [1]. Some studies on these fuels’ life cycle have shown that biodiesels release-less CO2 into the environment than diesel, a petroleum-derived compound. The combustion emissions of biodiesel have lower levels of particulate matter, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, aldehydes and ketones than fossil fuels, making it less harmful to humans. A practical concern for biodiesels is that the oil-like component, in the presence of water, provides a fertile environment for microbial growth, leading to the contamination of stored fuels, pipelines and compromising the characteristic fuel performance [2,3]
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