Abstract
The problems of evolution and specialization of the tribe Triticeae are considered from the standpoint of the evolution of a seed protein complex and amino acid composition. The potential for using biochemical indices for the assessment of advances in the evolution and specialization of grasses are discussed. The degree of specialization was assessed for 98 taxa of the tribe Triticeae using the index of remoteness from a hypothetic ancestor of grasses (IR). Within the Poaceae family, Triticeae is shown to be a tribe with an extremely high level of specialization. Henrardia and Leymus are distinguished as the most specialized genera in the tribe. Species and genera of the tribe—second diploids—were first found to be characterized by a lower IR as compared to donors of simple genomes. This fact is interpreted as a reflection of the biochemical despecialization of the taxon. The extremely low specialization of Pascopyrum smithii (IR 19.0) can be regarded as a demonstration of the highest degree of the despecialization in tribe.
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