Biochemical, morphological, and yield responses of lady's finger plants to varying ratios of palm oil mill waste (decanter cake) application as a bio-fertilizer

Abstract

Background: Decanter cake is produced in large amounts, and its disposal is a major concern in palm-producing countries. Growth morphology and biochemical responses of lady's finger (Abelmoschus esculentus) plants grown on soil amended with different ratios of decanter cake (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) were investigated. Results: The soil pH decreased (unamended soil), whereas the electrical conductivity increased as compared with the control. There was a significant difference in ascorbic acid content with the increase in treatment ratio. Phenol content was however highest in 20% of the amendment (13.197 ± 0.36mg g �1 ). Conclusions: The results indicate that decanter cake amendments of up to 10% may be a probable substitute for inorganic fertilizers with respect to lady's finger (A. esculentus) plants due to high nutrient content, yield and biomass, as well as morphological characteristics. However, there were observable negative effects after 10% decanter cake amendment ratios.