Biochemical genetic variation among populations of the greenshell mussel, Perna canaliculus, from New Zealand: preliminary findings

Abstract

Seven polymorphic and four monomorphic allozyme loci were assayed from nine wild populations and one cultured population of the endemic New Zealand greenshell mussel, Perna canaliculus. Genetic variation was examined to determine the extent of intra-population subdivision and inter-population variability. Five of seven polymorphic loci exhibited significant heterozygote deficiencies compared to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Population F-statistics indicated that significant genetic heterogeneity exists among populations, indicating that there is insufficient gene flow between geographically isolated populations to create panmixia. The observed genetic heterogeneity among populations is best explained by an isolation-by-distance model of gene flow, which is modified by localized hydrographic conditions. These preliminary findings are discussed in the context of the one previous survey of population genetic variation in P. canaliculus and how this information relates to the gene flow of the greenshell mussel in New Zealand, which is often mediated by human transport from the main collection site of Kaitaia to aquaculture sites throughout the country.