Abstract
Biochemical fulvic acid (BFA), produced by organic wastes composting, is the complex organic matter with various functional groups. A novel modified biochemical fulvic acid (MBFA) which possessed stronger chelating ability had been synthesized by the grafting copolymerization of BFA and acrylic acid (AA). Results showed that MBFA effectively inhibited the crystallization of calcium phosphate and increased the concentration of phosphate in water solution. The optimum reaction conditions optimized by Box–Behnken design and response surface methodology were reaction temperature 69.24 °C, the mass of monomer to fulvic acid ratio 0.713, the initiator dosage 19.78%, and phosphate crystal-inhibition extent was 96.89%. IR spectra demonstrated AA was grafted onto BFA. XRD data and SEM images appeared the formation and growth of calcium phosphate crystals was effectively inhibited by MBFA.
Highlights
The results indicated that the grafting reaction between acrylic acid (AA) and Biochemical fulvic acid (BFA)
Grafting polymerization of AA onto BFA formed a novel copolymer with metal-chelating capacity, modified biochemical fulvic acid (MBFA)
Grafting polymerization of AA onto BFA formed a novel copolymer with stronger metal-chelating capacity, MBFA
Summary
Grain production mainly depends on yield and acreage. Fertilizer is the most important element for enhancing crop yield. Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations Both chemical acidification and long-term application of acidic fertilizers will cause harm to crop and soil, as well as corrosion of drip irrigation equipment. The final product of aerobic degradation is a variety of organic matter mainly composed of biochemical humic acid and biochemical fulvic acid, the latter has a higher carboxyl and phenolic group content, compared with the former [33,34]. As it has higher biological activity and lower price, BFA is more suitable as an additive for water and fertilizer integration. In the paper, the grafting copolymerization experiments were designed for improving the chelating and adsorption capacity of BFA, in which AA was used as modifier and potassium peroxydisulfate as initiator
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