Abstract
The distribution of 2,6-dialkyl(and alkenyl-)piperidine alkaloids in the venom of fire ant workers of Solenopsis xyloni, S. geminata, S. richteri, and S. invicta has been compared with the occurrence of these compounds in the venom of alate queens of the same species. Whereas the venoms of workers of S. invicta and S. richteri contain piperidines with C 13 or C 15 side chains, the queens of these species produce venoms in which these compounds are essentially lacking. A comparison of the ratio of cis-2-methyl-6- n-undecylpiperidine to trans-2-methyl-6- n-undecylpiperidine in all of these venoms, together with the qualitative differences of other alkaloidal components, particularly in workers of S. richteri and S. invicta, has led to the proposal that the venoms of S. xyloni and S. geminata are similar to the ancestral type, whereas those of S. richteri and S. invicta are more highly evolved.
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