Abstract
ABSTRACT The genetic diversity of pepper genotypes is usually evaluated based on morphological and molecular descriptors. However, studies using biochemical descriptors of peppers are still incipient. Thus, the objective of this study was identify biochemical descriptors of Capsicum spp. with antioxidant action, most responsive to the selection of superior genotypes, and evaluate the correlation between concentrations of the parameters using principal components analysis. The experiment was conducted in the city of Cáceres, southwest Mato Grosso, Brazil. Seventy-eight pepper accessions from the Active Germplasm Bank of UNEMAT were planted in randomized block design. The harvested fruits were immersed in liquid nitrogen for two minutes, and the following biochemical analyses were performed: titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and antioxidant activity. Biochemical descriptors that best estimated the genetic variability of the accessions were flavonoids, total phenols, chlorophyll a, and ascorbic acid. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were the compounds that showed the highest degree of correlation. Except chlorophyll a with ascorbic acid, all other vectors showed correlation ranging from moderate to strong.
Highlights
A diversidade genética de genótipos de pimentas é comumente avaliada com base em descritores morfológicos e moleculares, no entanto, estudos empregando descritores bioquímicos em pimenta ainda são incipientes
A series of health benefits is related to pepper, including the ability to neutralize free radicals provided by varying concentrations of titratable acids, ascorbic acid, phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins A, C and E, tocopherols and anthocyanins
The analysis showed that the first two principal components explained 62.47% of variances contained in the original variables
Summary
A diversidade genética de genótipos de pimentas é comumente avaliada com base em descritores morfológicos e moleculares, no entanto, estudos empregando descritores bioquímicos em pimenta ainda são incipientes. Os descritores bioquímicos que melhor estimaram a variabilidade genética dos acessos foram flavonoides, fenóis totais, clorofila a e ácido ascórbico. A series of health benefits is related to pepper, including the ability to neutralize free radicals provided by varying concentrations of titratable acids, ascorbic acid, phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins A, C and E, tocopherols and anthocyanins. These compounds, even in small concentrations, may significantly affect the prevention of degenerative diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, cataracts and the functioning of the immune system (Howard et al, 2000; Reifschneider, 2000; Davis et al, 2007; Vera-Guzmán et al, 2017). The data allows analyzing correlations between studied characteristics, summarizing a wide range of characteristics within a smaller biological characteristic, evaluating the importance of each trait, validating the elimination of characters with low contribution (in terms of variation), producing indices for grouping individuals, and grouping individuals with the highest degree of similarity (by visual examination of graphical dispersions within a two or three-dimensional space)
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