Biochemical contents and antiquorum sensing, antiproliferative activities of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. peel extract

Abstract

• Anti-quorum sensing effect of peel extract of Ofi was firstly studied. • Peel extract of Ofi decreased the level of quorum sensing genes. • Ofi extract administration limited breast cancer cell proliferation. • The extract was studied against human cell lines as in vitro . • Mechanism of action for the anti-quorum sensing and antiproliferative effect was elucidated by docking. Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., which is generally consumed as a fruit, has many pharmacological properties. In this study, we investigated antibacterial and antiproliferative effect of methanol extract of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill peel. and swarming motility and biofilm formation on Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Also, the phenolic profile was analyzed by HPLC and rutin was found to be as major compound. The mode of action for the in vitro antiquorum sensing and antiproliferative activity of the extract was elucidated by qRT-PCR and molecular docking, respectively. Our results indicated that the methanol extract of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. peel extract significantly decreased the expression level of quorum sensing related lasI, lasR, rhlI and rhIR genes. According to the antiproliferative activity studies, the extract was found to be more cytotoxic activity against breast (MDA-MB-231) and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines compared to colon (DLD-1) cancer cell line with IC 50 values of 2.00 ± 0.19, 3.85 ± 0.24 and 26.17 ± 0.73, respectively. Additionally, the antiproliferative activity against breast cancer could be the result of the inhibition of CCL18 by rutin.