Abstract
In the current study, the functional and biochemical potential of the seeds of four persimmon cultivars (PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4) and their role against oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition were evaluated. In terms of biochemical compositions, free amino acids, fatty acids and organic acids analysis was performed. The free amino acids ranged from 2617.31 (PC2) to 3773.01 μg∙g−1 dry weight (PC4). Oleic acid and linoleic acid were the principal fatty acids, which were significantly higher in PC4 and PC1, respectively. PC4 presented the highest amount of organic acid content (4212 mg∙kg−1), whereas PC2 presented the lowest (2498 mg∙kg−1). PC2 contained higher total phenolic content and flavonoid content, whereas PC3 had the lowest amount as compared to other cultivars. The in vitro DPPH, ABTS and superoxide anion radicals scavenging activity increased in a dose-dependent manner, whereas PC2 showed significantly higher scavenging activities as compared to PC1, PC2 and PC4 types. In the case of AChE inhibition, PC4 showed a moderate activity (67.34% ± 1.8%). In conclusion, the current findings reveal that the studied persimmon seeds cultivars are a source of bioactive natural antioxidants and AChE inhibitors. Such natural products could be employed in pharmaceutical and food industries, whilst can also be considered for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s.
Highlights
Oxidative stress, caused by an imbalance of the antioxidative defense mechanisms and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is considered a key agent of oxidative damages such as cancer, Alzheimer’s, diabetes and aging [1]
Phenolic Content (TPC)scavenge free radicals based on their hydrogen or electron donor beneficial biological and may Phenolic compounds the important class in of secondary in plants that possess food quality ability
The results showed that the total content of the persimmon seeds ranged between 32.04 ̆ 1.22 to 83.75 ̆ 1.72 mgGAEg phenolic content of the persimmon seeds ranged between 32.04 ± 1.22 to 83.75 ± 1.72 mg∙GAE∙g−1 (Figure 1A). extract (Figure 1A)
Summary
Oxidative stress, caused by an imbalance of the antioxidative defense mechanisms and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is considered a key agent of oxidative damages such as cancer, Alzheimer’s, diabetes and aging [1]. ROS are highly reactive molecules containing an unpaired electron which are primarily produced by oxidation during biological reactions or exogenous factors [2]. Various ROS such as the superoxide anion radical, the hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide are produced by different exogenous and endogenous sources and factors. The overproduction of free radicals or ROS may favor many chronic and degenerative damages in the human body such as the induction of aging, heart diseases, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease and other various abnormal physiological functions [5]. A specific amount of exogenous antioxidants is frequently required to counteract ROS
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