Biochemical components content in black currant plants as affected by the elements of agricultural technology

Abstract

Purpose. The study of the formation of currant plants biochemical components as affected by the elements of agricultural technology. Methods. Physical and chemical, analytical, statistical. Results. It was established that the content of biochemical components (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in leaves, shoots and berries, content of ascorbic acid and total sugars) of black currant plants vary as affected by the elements of agricultural technology (soil maintenance in inter-rows and bush strips, fertilizers application). The highest content of nitrogen and phosphorus is formed in black currant plants by keeping soil of inter-rows under bare fallow and applying N60P90K90. Soil maintenance in bush strips and the use of Riverm had less effect on their contents. The potassium content varies little depending on the studied elements of agricultural technology. The content of ascorbic acid in the berries was 160–162 mg/100 g depending on soil maintenance in bush strips by keeping soil of inter-rows as bare fallow on non-fertilizer areas. N60P90K90 application increased the content of ascorbic acid by 3 %, regardless of soil maintenance of bush strips. The use of N60P90K90 + 1–3 % Riverm increased this figure by 6–9 % compared to the control. The content of total sugars in the berries was 7.5–7.6 %, depending on soil maintenance of bush strips by keeping soil of inter-rows as bare fallow on non-fertilizer areas. N60P90K90 application increased sugar content by 3–4 %, depending on soil maintenance of bush strips. The use of N60P90K90 + 1–3 % Riverm increased this figure by 4–9 % compared to the control. Conclusions. Nitrogen content in the leaves is 2.01–2.32 %, in shoots 1.89–2.07, in berries 1.10–1.31 %, as affected by the elements of agricultural technology. Phosphorus content is 0.19–0.32 %, 0.10–0.16, 0.42–0.52 %, respectively. Potassium content is 1.27–1.49 %, 1.03–1.25 %, 1.44–1.55 %, respectively. The content of chemical elements in black currant plants is most dependent on soil maintenance of inter-rows and the use of fertilizers. The highest levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in plants are formed by growing currants in bare fallow with application of N60P90K90. The use of fertilizers significantly increases the content of ascorbic acid in currant berries. Its highest content provides currant cultivation with N60P90K90 + 1–3 % Riverm irrespective of soil maintenance of inter-rows and bush strips. In this scenario of agricultural technology, the content of ascorbic acid is 166–174 mg/100 g of berries, sugar content is 7.8–8.3 %.