Abstract
Purpose: The human articular cartilage (AC) is a 2-4 mm thick smooth tissue covering the ends of bones in synovial joints. It contains a unique cell type, the chondrocytes which exhibit different phenotypes depending on their localization within cartilage. Chondrocytes from the deepest AC layer display a prehypertrophic phenotype (Prehyp) while the chondrocytes found in the calcified cartilage are hypertrophic (Hyp). Osteoarthritis (OA) is mainly characterized by an irreversible loss of AC which is associated with a pathological remodeling of the subchondral bone.
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