Biochemical Characterization of Bread Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) Genotypes Based on SDS-PAGE

Abstract

Genetic diversity of twelve Indian wheat genotypes was assessed on the basis of seed storage protein profiling on 10 and 15% sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Out of twelve genotypes, six genotypes are resistant to salinity, whereas remaining are susceptible. Genetic diversity was calculated using Shannon index, Nei’s index and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis by constructing an electrogram of fragments of proteins, which were used to calculate Jaccard’s similarity coefficients between these varieties. Seed storage protein analyzed by 15 subunits ranging from 14.3-97.4 KDa protein molecular weight marker (PMW-M). The similarity coefficient ranged from 29% to 100%. The detected variation could be used to provide useful information on individual enzymes or transporters, activity as well as modification of structural protein, protein-protein interactions and stress dependent protein movement and can be used to classify adapted cultivars to improve the efficiency of wheat breeding programmes.