Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the biochemical changes during oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) empty- fruit-bunches (EFB) composting when using decanter sludge or chicken manure as a nitrogen source. We found that the use of decanter sludge did not have an effect on any biochemical conditions of either aerobic or anaerobic EFB composting. The oil palm EFB compost with decanter sludge in an aerobic condition completed within 30 days whereas compost in the anaerobic condition failed to complete composting within 90 days. Adding red soil to the compost pile did not affect the microbial activity or enhance the composting time, but it reduced the odour generated from the pile. Bacteria played an important role in decomposing with a high organic degradation rate occurring within the first two weeks of composting. The composting product obtained met the compost nutrient standard.
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