Abstract
Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) is a versatile plant which can adapt to various environmental conditions. Hempseeds provide high quality lipids, mainly represented by polyunsaturated acids, and highly digestible proteins rich of essential aminoacids. Hempseed composition can vary according to plant genotype, but other factors such as agronomic and climatic conditions can affect the presence of nutraceutic compounds. In this research, seeds from two cultivars of C. sativa (Futura 75 and Finola) grown in a mountain environment of the Italian Alps were analyzed. The main purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the protein profile of seeds obtained from such environments, using two methods (sequential and total proteins) for protein extraction and two analytical approaches SDS-PAGE and 2D-gel electrophoresis, followed by protein identification by mass spectrometry. The fatty acids profile and carotenoids content were also analysed. Mountain environments mainly affected fatty acid and protein profiles of Finola seeds. These changes were not predictable by the sole comparison of certified seeds from Futura 75 and Finola cultivars. The fatty acid profile confirmed a high PUFA content in both cultivars from mountain area, while protein analysis revealed a decrease in the protein content of Finola seeds from the experimental fields.
Highlights
Cannabis sativa L. is a versatile plant which can adapt to various environmental conditions
Concerning rainfall, the highest value was detected in May (192 mm), precipitations were stable from June to August (70–80 mm), and the lowest value was detected in September (23 mm)
In this work it was observed that mountain environment affected some traits of Finola seeds such as fatty acid and protein profiles
Summary
Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) is a versatile plant which can adapt to various environmental conditions. Mountain environments mainly affected fatty acid and protein profiles of Finola seeds. These changes were not predictable by the sole comparison of certified seeds from Futura 75 and Finola cultivars. Hemp shows high adaptability to various conditions, environmental factors Such as climatic conditions and elevation may influence the plant growth and the nutritional and organoleptic traits of s eeds[8], it is important to choose a variety (cultivar) optimized for the specific application and adapted to the environment of growth. The main purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the protein profile of seeds obtained from a mountain environment, using different methods of protein extraction (sequential and total proteins) and separation (SDS-PAGE and 2D-gel electrophoresis) to gain a more detailed information of the fractions that could be affected. The fatty acids profile and carotenoids content were analysed, to gain a global view of nutraceutical substances contained in hempseeds
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