Biochemical Aspects of Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes is a heterogeneous syndrome, characterized by a complex disorder in the regulation of the body's energy metabolism, which affects the use of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins, as well as other metabolisms. These alterations result from an insulin-secreting defect associated with variable peripheral insulin resistance. The biochemical changes that these two disorders cause lead to functional cellular changes followed by irreversible anatomical lesions in many tissues and organs. Diabetes is the most common disease of the endocrine system and is triggered when the amount of insulin secreted in the body is not optimal or when peripheral cells do not respond to its action (insulin is a hormone that participates in lowering blood glucose). This condition causes disorders of the entire metabolism and, over time, can affect the functioning of various organs in the body