Biochemical and morphological fingerprints of isolated Anabaena sp.: a precious feedstock for food additives

Abstract

In this recent work, the isolation of cyanobacterium CCC 744 from the state of Manipur, India, was focused. The isolation showed an evolutionary relationship with Anabaena sp. It was evident that 6.61% of ash was present in the biomass of isolated cyanobacteria, followed by 26.10% of carbohydrate, 38.57% of protein, 27.13% of lipid, and 1.6% of moisture. The production ability of CCC 744 was evaluated after cultivation in BG 11 medium for 30 days, and 135.42 μg/mg of C-phycocyanin (PC), 12.39 μg/mg of C-phycoerythrin (PE), 36.03 μg/mg of allophycocyanin (APC), 7.44 μg/mg of chlorophyll-a, 33.7 μg/mg of ammonia excretion, and 327.03 mg/l of exopolysaccharide (EPS) were produced. Here in this investigation, purification and characterization of released polysaccharide (RPS) and capsular polysaccharide (CPS) were also studied. Both EPSs were found negative in charge, and the major component of both EPSs was carbohydrate. The molecular weight of RPS and CPS was measured by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and found as 46.89 and 12.64 KDa, respectively. The value of flow index for CPS and RPS was found to be 0.22 and 0.355, respectively, indicating that they are pseudoplastic fluid. A 1000 μg of CPS and RPS showed 1.32 and 1.92 times, respectively, higher antioxidant potential than 10 μg of ascorbic acid. Results also showed that 300 μg of CPS and 500 μg of CPS exhibited 1.69 and four times higher scavenging potentiality, respectively, than 10 μg of gallic acid. The amount of exopolysaccharide and phycobiliprotein production was impressive and can be exploited in the future for large-scale production.