Abstract
The unique characters of camel’s milk make it used extensively in the field of medicine as anti-microbial, anti-diabetic and hepatoprotective agent. The lack of studies demonstrating the protective effect of camel’s milk against hepatotoxic compound was the main reason beyond the conduction of the current experiment which aimed to investigate the protective effects of camel’s milk against carbontetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity. Therefore, 24 rats were fed on standard diet and divided into four groups. Rats of the first group and second groups were injected i/p with paraffin oil and received either tap water (control 1) or camel’s milk (control 2), respectively. Rats of the third and fourth groups were injected i/p with CCl4 and received either tap water or camel’s milk, respectively. At the end of the experiment (5 weeks), blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological analysis. The present findings revealed that, CCl4 elevated serum enzyme activities of liver and some biochemical parameters, but these effects were prevented by the treatment of rats with camel milk. Histopathologically, a great amount of mononuclear cells infiltration, necrotic cells and few fibroblasts were observed in liver of CCl4 treated group. The present study concluded that camel milk treatment may play a protective role against CCl4-induced liver damages in rats. These protective effects were in the form of improving of liver enzyme activities, blood biochemical parameters and histological picture of liver of intoxicated rats. In the future, examination of the liver protective effect of camel milk against CCl4 in dose dependant manner could be investigated.
Highlights
The liver is responsible for metabolism and detoxification of the most of components that enter the body (Nunez 2006)
Chemicals and kits Diagnostic kits for serum total proteins, albumin, total lipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, VLDL-c, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid and creatinine were purchased from ELIPSE, United diagnostic industry, UDI, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Biochemical findings The activities of AST, ALT and ALP were estimated in serum samples as the liver function biomarkers
Summary
The liver is responsible for metabolism and detoxification of the most of components that enter the body (Nunez 2006). Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a highly toxic chemical agent, the most famous drug used to induce liver damage experimentally. Histopathological sectioning of the liver tissues indicated that, CCl4 induced fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma (Junnila et al 2000; Karakus et al 2011). Camel’s milk has antitoxic effect against cadmium chloride (Al-Hashem et al 2009; Dallak 2009), CCl4 (Khan and Alzohairy 2011), Cisplatin (Afifi 2010), Paracetamol (Al-Fartosi et al 2011), Aluminum chloride (Al-Hashem 2009). Khan and Alzohairy (2011) studied the protective effect of camel’s milk against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity, biochemical parameters such as Kidney biomarkers and lipoprotein profiles were not fully investigated. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of camel’s milk against CCl4induced hepatotoxicity in rats by assaying liver and kidney functions, lipid profiles and histopathology of liver tissues
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