Abstract
Biochemical responses inherent to antioxidant systems as well morphological and anatomical properties of photomorphogenic, hormonal and developmental tomato mutants were investigated. Compared to the non-mutant Micro-Tom (MT), we observed that the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was enhanced in the diageotropica (dgt) and lutescent (l) mutants, whilst the highest levels of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) were observed in high pigment 1 (hp1) and aurea (au) mutants. The analyses of antioxidant enzymes revealed that all mutants exhibited reduced catalase (CAT) activity when compared to MT. Guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) was enhanced in both sitiens (sit) and notabilis (not) mutants, whereas in not mutant there was an increase in ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Based on PAGE analysis, the activities of glutathione reductase (GR) isoforms III, IV, V and VI were increased in l leaves, while the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoform III was reduced in leaves of sit, epi, Never ripe (Nr) and green flesh (gf) mutants. Microscopic analyses revealed that hp1 and au showed an increase in leaf intercellular spaces, whereas sit exhibited a decrease. The au and hp1 mutants also exhibited a decreased in the number of leaf trichomes. The characterization of these mutants is essential for their future use in plant development and ecophysiology studies, such as abiotic and biotic stresses on the oxidative metabolism.
Highlights
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important horticultural crops of the world and has been widely used as a model in several fields of plant research
Seeds of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivar Micro-Tom (MT) and its introgressed mutants exhibiting hormonal and photomorphogenic alterations (Table I) were from the “HCPD-Lab Micro-Tom Mutants” collection maintained at the Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brazil
The tomato mutants analyzed in this study exhibited clear biochemical and histological alterations
Summary
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important horticultural crops of the world and has been widely used as a model in several fields of plant research. Guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) total activity was determined following the reaction medium containing 250 μL phosphate–citrate buffer (sodium phosphate dibasic 0.2 M: citric acid 0.1 M, pH 5.0), 150 μL protein extract and 25 μL 0.5% guaiacol, which was vortexed and incubated at 30°C for 15 min and the reaction was stopped by quickly cooling in an ice water bath, followed by the addition of 25 μL of 2% sodium metabisulphide solution (Gomes-Junior et al 2006).
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