Abstract
There are several methods to assess the function of the autonomic nervous system. Among them, heart rate recovery (HRR) is an accepted, easy, low-cost technique. Different pathological conditions have been related to the development of autonomic dysfunction. Our study aimed to evaluate the relationship between HRR and HRR-derived parameters in ambulatory patients with asthma or type 2 diabetes followed at the National Institutes of Health in Mexico City. A total of 78 participants, 50 women and, 28 men were enrolled; anthropometric, respiratory evaluations, and fasting blood samples were taken before participants performed a 6-min walking test (6MWT). Abnormal HRR was defined as a drop of ≤8 and ≤11 beats/min at 1 or 2 min and correlated negatively with basal oxygen saturation at 1 min. Heart rate at 1 min, correlated negatively with final oxygen saturation (p < 0.01). Statistically significant negative correlations were also observed between red cell count and white blood cell count and HOMA-IR with a p < 0.01. Since discrete hematological but significant changes correlated with HRR and HRR-derived parameters, we consider that these measures are helpful in clinical settings to identify subclinical autonomic dysfunction that permits us to prevent or anticipate chronic and fatal clinical outcomes.
Highlights
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is in charge of a series of reflex reactions
Based on the HOMA index, 24.6% of the participants were suspected of having Insulin resistance (IR) and 36.2% fulfilled the criteria for IR
83.1% of the population studied was considered overweight or obese based on WHtR; this percentage falls to 70.1% and 58.9% if we consider neck and waist circumference, respectively
Summary
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is in charge of a series of reflex reactions. The maintenance of a stable internal environment depends on the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. Diabetes, and obesity, common chronic diseases, are associated with each other as comorbidity, and linked to meta-inflammation where a myriad of manifestations of autonomic alterations has been identified [1,2]. Those diseases share common risk factors related to lifestyle and the increase of adiposity. An increase in adipose tissue leads to clinical obesity This increment frequently results in the secretion of adipokines, which in turn causes low-grade systemic inflammation. The 6MWT is a submaximal exercise test and a simpler alternative to the cardiopulmonary exercise test [7,8]
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