Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is a serious, life threating health problem. It is also known as chronic kidney failure, as it is a process of irreversible loss of nephrons, which at the end stage leads to kidney failure. There are many different reasons that lead to kidney failure, such as: hypertension, diabetes, polycystic kidney disease, glomerulonephritis, parathyroid glands dysfunction, etc. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biochemical and hematological profile in a group of chronic kidney patients in Albania. A group of 247 chronic kidney disease patients is included in this study (170 adult males and 77 adult females). A group of biochemical parameters, such as urea, CRP, albuminemia, HbA1C, creatinine, ALT, AST, calcium, phosphate, CaxP product, sodium, potassium and hematological parameters, such as hemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells and PTH, where measured and compared to the findings from the control group. Results were analyzed statistically using SPSS 20 program for windows. From data analysis, we found a reduced count of red blood cells and hemoglobin, statistically significant change, compared to the control group (p0.05). High levels of PTH, serum urea, creatinine and hyperphosphatemia, accompanied by hypocalcemia, were found statistically significant compared to the control group (p0.05). From our observations, hypertension, diabetes and kidney stones were the main causes leading to chronic kidney disease. Evaluation of these parameters, results to be significant in the differentiation and management of the health state of these patients.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease is a serious, life threating health problem. It is known as chronic kidney failure, as it is a process of irreversible loss of nephrons, which at the end stage leads to kidney failure
There are many different reasons that lead to kidney failure, such as: hypertension, diabetes, polycystic kidney disease, glomerulonephritis, parathyroid glands dysfunction, etc
As a conclusion of this study we can say that male are more affected than female by chronic kidney disease and that hypertension combined with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes are the main causes leading to chronic kidney disease
Summary
Chronic kidney disease is a serious, life threating health problem. It is known as chronic kidney failure, as it is a process of irreversible loss of nephrons, which at the end stage leads to kidney failure. Chronic kidney disease is a broad term used to describe a situation of renal function decrease that happens for more than three months. Kidneys play a key role in keeping steady the electrolytes and maintaining the amount of water in our body. Another function of the kidneys is to produce hormones, such as erythropoietin and vitamin D which is not a hormone, but behaves like a hormone in the human body.
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